There are 2 basic types of natural fractures that need to be studied when characterising naturally fractured reservoirs - whether it be a geothermal or hydrocarbon reservoir. These are extension and shear fractures.
Many natural rock fractures contain minerals or cements which reduce their permeability and the permeability of the fracture network. Here we look at some examples in fractured (N Sea analogue) Permian sandstones and dolomites.
Deformation bands can compartmentalise reservoirs, causing challenges for hydrocarbon production. Here we look at the New Red Sandstone on Arran which is host to an impressive network of deformation bands.